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Creatine is an acid produced in the liver that supplies some energy to muscle cells. It is typically found in vertebrates. The liver makes this substance out of three amino acids called arginine, glycine, and methionine. Most of the creatine the human body makes is then stored in the muscles that support the skeleton. Many people confuse creatine with creatinine. Creatinine is actually the broken down form that the kidneys process and dispose of. Normal measurement of creatine evaluates creatinine through blood tests. High creatinine levels may mean a person is severely dehydrated and also helps indicate if a person is experiencing kidney failure. One of the more interesting uses of synthesized creatine is when top athletes use it. It is not a banned substance and many athletes claim they use it because it enhances performance naturally. Though tests have not shown it to be unsafe, there have not been enough tests to indicate that long-term use is safe.
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Acesulfam-K is a calorie-free sugar substitute (artificial sweetener), also known as Acesulfame K or Ace K. It is a food additive and sweetening agent for use in the bakery and beverage industry as well as in diary products.
Beta Carotine (Provitamin) is a yellow-orange food colorant, used in beverages, butter, margarine, dairy products and candies.
Biotin (Vitamin B7 / Vitamin H) is a B-complex vitamin, also known as vitamin B-7 or vitamin H. It is important in a number of metabolic functions in the human body, including cell growth, the synthesis of fatty acids, and the metabolism of the amino acid leucine. Biotin also assists in the Krebs cycle, through which the body converts food into energy, and in the transfer of carbon dioxide within the body. Intestinal bacteria naturally produce this vitamin, and a deficiency is therefore quite rare.
Agar-agar, usually seen abbreviated as agar, is a gelatinous substance derived from certain types of red algae, or seaweed. There are a number of uses for it, although most people are familiar with it as the culture medium in petri dishes. This substance is also perfectly edible, and in addition to appearing in regional cuisine, it is also used as a thickening agent in candies and other foods. Since it is derived from plant material, it has the advantage of being suitable for vegetarians, unlike gelatin, which is derived from animal sources.